Active inference textbook
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This textbook is the first comprehensive treatment of active inference, an integrative perspective on brain, cognition, and behavior used across multiple disciplines including computational neurosciences, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and robotics. It was published in 2022 and it's open access at this time. The contents in this textbook should be educational to those who want to understand how the free energy principle is applied to the normative behavior of living organisms and who want to widen their knowledge of sequential decision making under uncertainty.
Advanced Compilers: The Self-Guided Online Course
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This is a self guided online course on compilers. The topics covered throughout the course include universal compilers topics like intermediate representations, data flow, and “classic” optimizations as well as more research focusedtopics such as parallelization, just-in-time compilation, and garbage collection.
Pandas - Python
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pandas is a fast, powerful, flexible and easy to use open source data analysis and manipulation tool, built on top of the Python programming language. It lets you store data in easy to manage and display data frames, with column names and datatypes.
Machine Learning with sci-kit learn
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In the realm of Python-based machine learning, Scikit-Learn stands out as one of the most powerful and versatile tools available. This introductory post serves as a gateway to understanding Scikit-Learn through explanations of introductory ML concepts along with implementations examples in Python.
Paraview UArizona HPC links (beginner)
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These links take you to visualization resources supported by the University of Arizona's HPC visualization consultant (rtdatavis.github.io). The following links are specific to the Paraview program and the workflows that have been used my researchers at the U of Arizona. Some of the pages linked are very beginner friendly: getting started, working with cameras and keyframes for rendering, visualizing external files (netcdf climate data), graphs and data exporting.
Many of the workflows involve using remote desktops via the Open On Demand interface, but if this isn't set up at your university you can use paraview locally on a desktop. Feel free to post on access ci https://ask.cyberinfrastructure.org/ if you need assistance getting a paraview gui open for your work on HPC.
Natural Language Processing with Deep Learning
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CS244N is a renowned natural language processing course offered by Stanford University and taught by Christopher Manning. It covers a wide range of topics in NLP, including language modeling, machine translation, sentiment analysis, and more. It teaches both foundational concepts and cutting-edge research to gain a comprehensive understanding of NLP techniques and applications.
AHPCC documentary
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This link is a documentary website to use AHPCC.
Fine-tuning LLMs with PEFT and LoRA
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As LLMs get larger fine-tuning to the full extent can become difficult to train on consumer hardware. Storing and deploying these tuned models can also be quite expensive and difficult to store. With PEFT (parameter -efficent fine tuning), it approaches fine-tune on a smaller scale of model parameters while freezing most parameters of the pretrained LLMs. Basically it is providing full performance that which is similar if not better than full fine tuning while only having a small number of trainable parameters. This source explains that as well as going over LORA diagrams and a code walk through.
GDAL Multi-threading
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Multi-threading guidance when using GDAL.
Chameleon
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Chameleon is an NSF-funded testbed system for Computer Science experimentation. It is designed to be deeply reconfigurable, with a wide variety of capabilities for researching systems, networking, distributed and cluster computing and security.
Introduction to Probabilistic Graphical Models
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This website summarizes the notes of Stanford's introductory course on probabilistic graphical models.
It starts from the very basics and concludes by explaining from first principles the variational auto-encoder, an important probabilistic model that is also one of the most influential recent results in deep learning.
MPI Resources
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Workshop for beginners and intermediate students in MPI which includes helpful exercises. Open MPI documentation.
Solving differential equations with Physics-informed Neural Network
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Differential equations, the backbone of countless physical phenomena, have traditionally been solved using numerical methods or analytical techniques. However, the advent of deep learning introduces an intriguing alternative: Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). By leveraging the representational power of neural networks and integrating physical laws (like differential equations), PINNs offer a novel approach to solving complex problems. This guide walks through an implementation of a PINN to solve DEs such as the logistic equation.
Machine Learning in Astrophysics
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Machine learning is becoming increasingly important in field with large data such as astrophysics. AstroML is a Python module for machine learning and data mining built on numpy, scipy, scikit-learn, matplotlib, and astropy allowing for a range of statistical and machine learning routines to analyze astronomical data in Python. In particular, it has loaders for many open astronomical datasets with examples on how to visualize such complicated and large datasets.
Advanced Mathematical Optimization Techniques
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Mathematical optimization deals with the problem of finding numerically minimums or maximums of a functions. This tutorial provides the Python solutions for the optimization problems with examples.
Rockfish at Johns Hopkins University
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Resources and User Guide available at Rockfish
Python Tools for Data Science
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Python has become a very popular programming language and software ecosystem for work in Data Science, integrating support for data access, data processing, modeling, machine learning, and visualization. In this webinar, we will describe some of the key Python packages that have been developed to support that work, and highlight some of their capabilities. This webinar will also serve as an introduction and overview of topics addressed in two Cornell Virtual Workshop tutorials, available at https://cvw.cac.cornell.edu/pydatasci1 and https://cvw.cac.cornell.edu/pydatasci2
Oakridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) Training Events and Archive
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Upcoming training events and archives of training materials detailing general HPC best practices as well as how to use OLCF resources and services.
GIS: What is a Geodetic Datums?
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Often when working with GIS, or spatial data, one encounters the word "datum" and it may require that you choose a "datum" when doing GIS computation tasks. Below is a short video on what are datums from NOAA and UCAR.
C Programming
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"These notes are part of the UW Experimental College course on Introductory C Programming. They are based on notes prepared (beginning in Spring, 1995) to supplement the book The C Programming Language, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, or K&R as the book and its authors are affectionately known. (The second edition was published in 1988 by Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0-13-110362-8.) These notes are now (as of Winter, 1995-6) intended to be stand-alone, although the sections are still cross-referenced to those of K&R, for the reader who wants to pursue a more in-depth exposition." C is a low-level programming language that provides a deep understanding of how a computer's memory and hardware work. This knowledge can be valuable when optimizing apps for performance or when dealing with resource-constrained environments.C is often used as the foundation for creating cross-platform libraries and frameworks. Learning C can allow you to develop libraries that can be used across different platforms, including iOS, Android, and desktop environments.
Neocortex Documentation
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Neocortex is a new supercomputing cluster at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) that features groundbreaking AI hardware from Cerebras Systems.
Containerization Explained
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Containerization is a software development method in which applications are packaged into standard units for development, shipment, and deployment.
Moving-Lid-Driven Flow Simulation by Finite Difference Method
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The listed repository contains code written in C++ to model the flow inside a cavity with a lid moving above from left to right by discretizing incompressible N-S equations with finite difference method. For the governing equations, artificial viscosity has been considered to increase the stability. In terms of solving the resulted algebraic equation system, both the Point Jacobi Method and Symmetric Gauss Seidel methods have been used for the iteration process.
File management of Visual Studio Code on clusters
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Visual Studio Code, commonly known as VSCode, is a popular tool used by programmers worldwide. It serves as a text editor and an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that supports a wide variety of programming languages. One of its key features is its extensive library of extensions. These extensions add on to the basic functionalities of VSCode, making coding more efficient and convenient.
However, there's a catch. When these extensions are installed and used frequently, they generate a multitude of files. These files are typically stored in a folder named .vscode-extension within your home directory. On a cluster computing facility such as the FASTER and Grace clusters at Texas A&M University, there's a limitation on how many files you can have in your home directory. For instance, the file number limit could be 10000, while the .vscode-extension directory can hold around 4000 temporary files even with just a few extensions. Thus, if the number of files in your home directory surpasses this limit due to VSCode extensions, you might face some issues. This restriction can discourage users from taking full advantage of the extensive features and extensions offered by the VSCode editor.
To overcome this, we can shift the .vscode-extension directory to the scratch space. The scratch space is another area in the cluster where you can store files and it usually has a much higher limit on the number of files compared to the home directory. We can perform this shift smoothly using a feature called symbolic links (or symlinks for short). Think of a symlink as a shortcut or a reference that points to another file or directory located somewhere else.
Here's a step-by-step guide on how to move the .vscode-extension directory to the scratch space and create a symbolic link to it in your home directory:
1. Copy the .vscode-extension directory to the scratch space: Using the cp command, you can copy the .vscode-extension directory (along with all its contents) to the scratch space. Here's how:
cp -r ~/.vscode-extension /scratch/user
Don't forget to replace /scratch/user with the actual path to your scratch directory.
2. Remove the original .vscode-extension directory: Once you've confirmed that the directory has been copied successfully to the scratch space, you can remove the original directory from your home space. You can do this using the rm command:
rm -r ~/.vscode-extension
It's important to make sure that the directory has been copied to the scratch space successfully before deleting the original.
3. Create a symbolic link in the home directory: Lastly, you'll create a symbolic link in your home directory that points to the .vscode-extension directory in the scratch space. You can do this as follows:
ln -s /scratch/user/.vscode-extension ~/.vscode-extension
By following this process, all the files generated by VSCode extensions will be stored in the scratch space. This prevents your home directory from exceeding its file limit. Now, when you access ~/.vscode-extension, the system will automatically redirect you to the directory in the scratch space, thanks to the symlink. This method ensures that you can use VSCode and its various extensions without worrying about hitting the file limit in your home directory.
Regular Expressions
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Regular expressions (sometimes referred to as RegEx) is an incredibly powerful tool that is used to define string patterns for "find" or "find and replace" operations on strings, or for input validation. Regular Expressions are used in search engines, in search and replace dialogs of word processors and text editors, and text-processing Linux utilities such as sed and awk. They are supported in many programming languages, including Python, R, Perl, Java, and others.